Battery checking out is an essential step in ensuring the safety, reliability, and overall performance of batteries. Due to the inherent risks of batteries (such as quick circuits, leakage, and corrosion), the trying out technique additionally hides a variety of protection risks, such as the use of giant mechanical auxiliary equipment, excessive cutting-edge charging and discharging systems, and simulation experiments below severe environmental conditions. It is really worth conducting in-depth lookup to make sure the security safety of battery checking out , make certain the private protection of laboratory personnel, and make sure the property protection of units and equipment.
Based on the above viewpoint, the writer of this article categorizes the checking out gadgets of batteries, analyzes the manageable dangers throughout the trying out manner in accordance to the stipulations of undertaking implementation, and proposes realistic and possible protection safety measures to tackle these hazards.
1 Classification of battery trying out items
Battery trying out gadgets can commonly be divided into 4 categories:
appearance testing, electrical overall performance testing, environmental adaptability testing, and security testing.
Appearance inspection: appearance, polarity, standard dimensions, quality, etc;
Electrical overall performance testing: room temperature discharge capacity, room temperature price discharge capacity, cost retention and ability healing capacity, storage and cycle life, etc;
Environmental adaptation overall performance testing: excessive and low temperature discharge capacity, high-altitude simulation, regular humidity and heat, vibration resistance, and salt spray resistance;
Safety overall performance test: mechanical shock, drop, nail penetration, extrusion, collision, temperature shock, temperature cycle, exterior furnace immersion, overcharge, overdischarge, exterior brief circuit and warmness abuse.
The above trying out objects can additionally be divided into everyday use tests, foreseeable misuse tests, and abuse tests. Normal use tests: high-altitude simulation, temperature cycling, vibration, and low charge charging; Predictable misuse tests: exterior brief circuit, heavy object impact, computing device impact, drop, pressured discharge, extraordinary charging, unsuitable installation, over discharge, over charging, and excessive charge charging; Abuse tests: nail penetration, squeezing, and exterior burning. The hazard degree of the latter two kinds of exams is greater than that of everyday use tests.
2 Potential risks of battery testing
Once the battery is used and saved improperly, there is a danger of combustion and explosion. In addition, there are sure protection dangers related with the use of checking out equipment. The major risks throughout battery checking out consist of hearth and explosion, liquid leakage, gasoline leakage, noise and vibration, mechanical hazards, and electrical hazards.
2.1 Fire and Explosion
Battery ignition and explosion are normally induced by using exterior elements such as puncture, compression, overcharging, excessive temperature, and quick circuit, which can reason inner or exterior quick circuits in the battery and reason chemical reactions between electrode substances and electrolyte. Such as the decomposition of stable electrolyte section interface (SEI) film, the oxidation and discount of natural electrolyte, the decomposition of fantastic electrode, and the in addition response of oxygen generated from the decomposition of wonderful electrode with natural electrolyte. If the massive quantity of warmness generated via these reactions can’t be dissipated into the surrounding surroundings in a well timed manner, it will inevitably lead to thermal runaway, in the end main to battery combustion and explosion.
2.2 Leakage
Lead acid batteries use dilute sulfuric acid as the electrolyte, which has a positive diploma of corrosiveness. During the checking out process, if the battery casing is broken and electrolyte leakage occurs, it will pose a massive hazard to personnel and equipment; Lithium ion batteries use natural electrolytes, which can purpose fuel emissions, pungent odors, and include poisonous materials throughout protection testing.
2.3 Noise and Vibration
The noise throughout battery checking out in the main comes from such gadgets as vibration, mechanical shock, collision and drop. Among them, vibration and collision are non-stop noise, whilst mechanical shock and drop are instant noise. The electrical overall performance checking out tools of batteries frequently makes use of air cooling, and the operation of followers can additionally generate noise. The vibration commonly comes from vibration assessments and collision tests.
2.4 Mechanical Hazards
In the exams of mechanical shock, heavy object impact, vibration, collision and drop, the clamping looseness is effortless to occur, inflicting the battery to fly out and inflicting injury to personnel; In addition, the operation system of the aforementioned mechanical gear itself consists of positive risks.
2.5 Electrical Hazards
Electrical overall performance checking out objects such as potential and cycle existence require long-term non-stop operation of the equipment, which poses sure security hazards; In addition, there is a opportunity of battery reverse connection or quick circuit in the course of the battery connection process.
3 Safety safety necessities and measures
3.1 Personnel Protection
Personnel safety is of utmost importance. Inspectors who at once come into contact with samples and gear are now not solely implementers of protection protection, however additionally objects of security protection. Take all feasible measures to make sure the protection of personnel. Minimize contact as a whole lot as possible, and keep away from contact if possible. Personnel education have to be reinforced to beautify protection safety cognizance and ability; Protective tools is required, and it is strictly prohibited to behavior hazardous or hazardous challenge trying out except carrying protecting equipment; The monitoring vicinity and trying out place must be correctly separated, and faraway managed tools need to be used as a whole lot as possible.
3.2 Sample Protection
The safety of samples is broadly speaking throughout storage. To hold a dry environment, secure and average temperature; Insulate and defend the electrodes to stop unintentional brief circuits; Regular inspections have to be carried out to put off manageable dangers straight away upon discovery; Proper classification and isolation have to be carried out to stop mutual influence.
3.3 Equipment Protection
The safety of equipment, on the one hand, need to make sure that the tools features normally; On the different hand, it is critical to forestall surprising occasions from affecting the equipment. Strengthen inspection and maintenance, and many times get rid of dirt from charging and discharging detection equipment; Regularly put off dirt and lubricate mechanical gear such as vibration tables and affect tables; Regularly take a look at whether or not the alarm feature is normal; Install security safety amenities such as protecting nets; For tools that has been out of carrier for a lengthy time, it is vital to reduce off water and power
3.4 Environmental Protection
When strange prerequisites happen in a closed check surroundings (such as an environmental check chamber), the take a look at have to be stopped. After acquiring proof (such as taking smoke and fireplace images), the hearth need to be successfully extinguished and exhaust gases ought to be discharged via the committed exhaust channel of the box. The checking out room have to be outfitted with smoke detectors, hearth extinguishers, sandboxes, hearth hydrants, and different fire-fighting facilities. After acquiring evidence, the discarded batteries have to be innocent handled in accordance to the guidelines of the pattern dealer and applicable laboratory specifications, or submitted to a expert corporation for lifelike disposal according to applicable guidelines and procedures.
3.5 Others
Reasonably graph every location based totally on the one of a kind traits of the checking out project. Electrical overall performance checking out has little affect on the surroundings and excessive safety. It can be organized in areas with greater personnel activities, however the trying out pattern area, gear operation area, and monitoring statement region need to be isolated;
Dangerous trying out objects such as nail penetration and overcharging can be organized in far flung and properly ventilated areas; Testing objects with excessive noise such as vibration and collision can be organized in far off areas. If prerequisites permit, some security house need to additionally be reserved. Design a gadget for protection protection. Establish sound and possible security operation instruction procedures, emergency response strategies for emergencies, and personnel education procedures. To have a preliminary grasp of the kinds and overall performance of batteries, and primarily based on this, to decide the protection of the trying out project.
4 Conclusion
The security safety of the laboratory can be approached from two aspects: administration device and hardware facilities. With the non-stop improvement of battery checking out technology, the non-stop enchancment of laboratory administration standards, and the non-stop enchancment of battery safety, the security element of battery trying out laboratories will proceed to improve.
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